Cosmic radiation on flights from Singapore (SIN) to Sydney (SYD)
A flight from Singapore Changi Airport to Sydney Kingsford Smith International Airport at 35,000 ft, about 7 h 20 min in the air, receives about 0.0149 mSv (14.9 µSv) of cosmic radiation: about 15% of a chest X-ray. That is the FAA's CARI-7 model run for this route with the solar conditions of August 2026.
Updated · solar conditions of August 2026
- Dose
- 14.9 µSv0.0149 mSv
- Time in the air
- 7 h 20 minestimated
- Dose rate
- 2.0 µSv/haverage, 35,000 ft
- Chest X‑rays
- 0.15at 0.1 mSv each
Key facts: SIN → SYD
| Dose, standard flight | 0.0149 mSv (14.9 µSv) |
|---|---|
| Time in the air | 7 h 20 min, estimated from distance and prevailing winds |
| Cruise altitude | 35,000 ft |
| Average dose rate | 2.0 µSv/h |
| Great-circle distance | 6,294 km (3,911 mi) |
| Furthest from the equator | 33.9°S |
| Solar conditions | August 2026 |
The standard flight is CARI-7, the FAA Civil Aerospace Medical Institute's model, run on the dev machine for this route: 35,000 ft, 7 h 20 min in the air (climb 25 min, cruise 398 min, descent 17 min), effective dose per ICRP Publication 103. How it's calculated.
How the sun changes the dose on SIN → SYD
The sun's 11-year cycle moves this number. With the same 7 h 20 min at 35,000 ft, the flight would have received 0.0162 mSv in April 2020, when the sun was quiet and more galactic cosmic rays reached the atmosphere, and 0.0135 mSv in January 2026, near solar maximum: 20% more at the quiet end. In August 2026 it is 0.0149 mSv.
The numbers behind the chart
| Month | Dose | Dose |
|---|---|---|
| January 2016 | 15.5 µSv | 0.0155 mSv |
| April 2016 | 15.6 µSv | 0.0156 mSv |
| July 2016 | 15.6 µSv | 0.0156 mSv |
| October 2016 | 15.8 µSv | 0.0158 mSv |
| January 2017 | 15.9 µSv | 0.0159 mSv |
| April 2017 | 16 µSv | 0.016 mSv |
| July 2017 | 15.9 µSv | 0.0159 mSv |
| October 2017 | 15.8 µSv | 0.0158 mSv |
| January 2018 | 15.9 µSv | 0.0159 mSv |
| April 2018 | 16.1 µSv | 0.0161 mSv |
| July 2018 | 16.1 µSv | 0.0161 mSv |
| October 2018 | 16.2 µSv | 0.0162 mSv |
| January 2019 | 15.9 µSv | 0.0159 mSv |
| April 2019 | 16.2 µSv | 0.0162 mSv |
| July 2019 | 16.1 µSv | 0.0161 mSv |
| October 2019 | 16.2 µSv | 0.0162 mSv |
| January 2020 | 16.1 µSv | 0.0161 mSv |
| April 2020 | 16.2 µSv | 0.0162 mSv |
| July 2020 | 16.1 µSv | 0.0161 mSv |
| October 2020 | 16.1 µSv | 0.0161 mSv |
| January 2021 | 15.9 µSv | 0.0159 mSv |
| April 2021 | 16.2 µSv | 0.0162 mSv |
| July 2021 | 16 µSv | 0.016 mSv |
| October 2021 | 16 µSv | 0.016 mSv |
| January 2022 | 15.9 µSv | 0.0159 mSv |
| April 2022 | 15.9 µSv | 0.0159 mSv |
| July 2022 | 15.4 µSv | 0.0154 mSv |
| October 2022 | 15.6 µSv | 0.0156 mSv |
| January 2023 | 15 µSv | 0.015 mSv |
| April 2023 | 15.1 µSv | 0.0151 mSv |
| July 2023 | 14.7 µSv | 0.0147 mSv |
| October 2023 | 14.8 µSv | 0.0148 mSv |
| January 2024 | 14.4 µSv | 0.0144 mSv |
| April 2024 | 14.6 µSv | 0.0146 mSv |
| July 2024 | 14.6 µSv | 0.0146 mSv |
| October 2024 | 13.8 µSv | 0.0138 mSv |
| January 2025 | 14 µSv | 0.014 mSv |
| April 2025 | 14 µSv | 0.014 mSv |
| July 2025 | 14 µSv | 0.014 mSv |
| October 2025 | 14.1 µSv | 0.0141 mSv |
| January 2026 | 13.4 µSv | 0.0135 mSv |
| April 2026 | 14.2 µSv | 0.0142 mSv |
| July 2026 | 14.6 µSv | 0.0146 mSv |
| August 2026 | 14.9 µSv | 0.0149 mSv |
How cruise altitude changes the dose
Flown at 31,000 ft instead, the same flight would receive 0.0112 mSv, 25% less than at 35,000 ft; at 41,000 ft it would receive 0.0204 mSv, 37% more. Same route, same time in the air, same month: only the air overhead changes.
Try it: change the altitude and the month
Every combination is its own CARI-7 run for SIN → SYD, with the same 7 h 20 min in the air. It is still a standard flight, not yours: the app calculates your exact flight.
Every combination as a table (µSv)
| Altitude | Jan 2016 | Jan 2017 | Jan 2018 | Jan 2019 | Jan 2020 | Jan 2021 | Jan 2022 | Jan 2023 | Jan 2024 | Jan 2025 | Jan 2026 | Aug 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31,000 ft | 11.6 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 12.1 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.3 | 10.8 | 10.5 | 10.1 | 11.2 |
| 33,000 ft | 13.5 | 13.8 | 13.9 | 13.9 | 14.1 | 13.9 | 13.9 | 13.1 | 12.6 | 12.2 | 11.7 | 13 |
| 35,000 ft | 15.5 | 15.9 | 15.9 | 15.9 | 16.1 | 15.9 | 15.9 | 15 | 14.4 | 14 | 13.4 | 14.9 |
| 37,000 ft | 17.4 | 17.9 | 18 | 17.9 | 18.2 | 18 | 18 | 16.9 | 16.3 | 15.8 | 15.2 | 16.8 |
| 39,000 ft | 19.4 | 19.9 | 20 | 19.9 | 20.2 | 20 | 20 | 18.8 | 18 | 17.5 | 16.8 | 18.7 |
| 41,000 ft | 21.2 | 21.7 | 21.8 | 21.8 | 22.1 | 21.8 | 21.8 | 20.5 | 19.7 | 19.1 | 18.3 | 20.4 |
The return flight: SYD → SIN
SYD → SIN receives 0.0159 mSv at 35,000 ft, 7% more than SIN → SYD, over about 7 h 52 min in the air against 7 h 20 min. The return takes 32 min longer: its track runs against the prevailing westerly winds at cruise altitude. Cosmic radiation builds up with every minute aloft, so the longer direction collects more of it along the same path.
What 14.9 µSv compares with
| Compared with | Its dose | This flight is |
|---|---|---|
| Chest X-Ray | 0.1 mSv | about 15% of a chest X-ray |
| Dental X-Ray | 0.005 mSv | about 3 dental X-rays |
| Background Radiation (Daily) | 0.008 mSv | about a day's natural background radiation |
| Mammogram | 0.4 mSv | about 4% of a mammogram |
| Head CT Scan | 2 mSv | about 1% of a head CT scan |
| Eating a Banana | 0.0001 mSv | about 149 bananas |
The comparison values are the ones the FlightDose app uses.
Why your flight will differ
- Altitude. Flown at 31,000 ft instead, the same flight would receive 0.0112 mSv, 25% less than at 35,000 ft; at 41,000 ft it would receive 0.0204 mSv, 37% more. Same route, same time in the air, same month: only the air overhead changes.
- Time in the air. Every extra 30 minutes on this route adds about 1 µSv. Headwinds, holding and routing change it by tens of minutes on a long flight.
- The month. The sun's 11-year cycle swings this route's dose by about 20% between quiet and active years.
- The track. Airlines fly tracks that bend with the jet stream, not the exact great circle; a track further from the equator collects more.
- Solar storms. A rare solar radiation storm can add to the dose for hours; CARI-7's monthly figures don't include one.
FlightDose calculates your exact flight.
Your date, your altitude, your time in the air, with live space weather, and a running total against the limits that matter to you.