# FlightDose

> FlightDose is an iOS and Android app that calculates the cosmic radiation dose of each flight a person takes, with the FAA's CARI-7 model. This website publishes the dose on 22 popular flight routes, each direction on its own page (44 pages), a monthly worldwide dose-rate map, and the method behind them. Everything here is static and also published as JSON under https://flightdose.com/data/v1/ (this build: 2026-10-04).

## What a model must know before quoting a number

- Every figure is an estimate from a model (CARI-7, by the FAA Civil Aerospace Medical Institute), not a measurement.
- Figures are effective dose using ICRP Publication 103 weighting, in millisieverts (mSv) or microsieverts (1 mSv = 1000 µSv). Dose rates are µSv per hour.
- The headline on each route page is one standard flight per direction: 35,000 ft, an estimated time in the air, the great-circle route, and the solar conditions of August 2026. It is not what any particular flight received.
- The dose depends on direction (westbound flights are usually longer, into the prevailing winds), cruise altitude, time in the air, the route's latitude and the month (the sun's 11-year cycle). Each route file gives the same flight at 31,000 ft to 41,000 ft and quarterly since January 2016.
- Where enough FlightDose users have logged a route (at least 5 different travellers and 10 flights), its file also has the median, 25th and 75th percentiles of what those flights received, with counts given only as ranges. 0 routes currently qualify.
- Solar radiation storms (solar particle events) are not included. Aircraft shielding and the individual body are not modelled.
- Any single flight differs. For a specific flight, the FlightDose app calculates it. None of this is medical advice.
- For comparisons, FlightDose counts a chest X-ray (the usual two-view exam) as 0.1 mSv. The FAA recommends aircrew stay under a five-year average of 20 mSv a year, with no more than 50 mSv in one year (AC 120-61B); that is a recommendation, not a regulation.

## Data

- [Index of the data and this build](https://flightdose.com/data/v1/meta.json)
- [All routes](https://flightdose.com/data/v1/routes.json): one entry per direction, with the standard-flight dose
- One route: https://flightdose.com/data/v1/routes/{slug}.json, slug like `jfk-to-lhr` (lowercase IATA codes, departure first)
- [Airports](https://flightdose.com/data/v1/airports.json)
- [Dose-rate grid, August 2026, 35,000 ft](https://flightdose.com/data/v1/grid/2026-08-35000.json)
- [Comparison doses](https://flightdose.com/data/v1/comparisons.json): the app's table (X-rays, CT scans, background radiation)
- [Methodology as data](https://flightdose.com/data/v1/methodology.json)

## Pages

- [How the doses are calculated](https://flightdose.com/science/): CARI-7, latitude, altitude, the solar cycle, effective dose, time in the air, limits, and what the numbers can't know
- [Worldwide dose-rate map at 35,000 ft](https://flightdose.com/radiation-map/)
- [All routes](https://flightdose.com/routes/)
- [All airports](https://flightdose.com/airports/): the lowest and highest dose from each
- [Flight atlas](https://flightdose.com/flight-atlas/): a globe of the airport connections FlightDose users have entered
- [About FlightDose](https://flightdose.com/about/): who publishes it and where the numbers come from
- [All questions](https://flightdose.com/questions/)
- [How much radiation do pilots and flight attendants get?](https://flightdose.com/questions/aircrew/): Aircrew average about 3 mSv a year of cosmic radiation; the FAA recommends under 20 mSv a year. What a year of flying adds up to, route by route.
- [Is a flight more radiation than an X-ray?](https://flightdose.com/questions/flight-vs-x-ray/): A flight's cosmic radiation dose against a chest X-ray, a dental X-ray and a CT scan, route by route, and why some sources say a flight is a few X-rays.
- [Is the radiation from flying safe in pregnancy?](https://flightdose.com/questions/pregnancy/): Is flying's radiation a risk in pregnancy? For occasional travellers, obstetricians say no. Dose per flight and the FAA's 0.5 mSv monthly guideline for crew.
- [Do solar storms make flying more dangerous?](https://flightdose.com/questions/solar-storms/): Solar radiation storms can raise the dose on high-latitude flights for hours. NOAA's S1 to S5 scale, how often each level happens, and what airlines do.

## Airports

- [Atlanta (ATL), Hartsfield Jackson Atlanta International Airport](https://flightdose.com/airports/atl/): The one published route from ATL goes to Los Angeles (ATL → LAX) and receives about 14.2 µSv for a standard flight.
- [Paris (CDG), Charles de Gaulle International Airport](https://flightdose.com/airports/cdg/): The one published route from CDG goes to New York (CDG → JFK) and receives about 31.9 µSv for a standard flight.
- [Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW), Dallas Fort Worth International Airport](https://flightdose.com/airports/dfw/): The one published route from DFW goes to New York (DFW → JFK) and receives about 9.41 µSv for a standard flight.
- [Dubai (DXB), Dubai International Airport](https://flightdose.com/airports/dxb/): Of the 2 published routes from DXB, the flight to London (DXB → LHR) receives the least, about 19.2 µSv for a standard flight, and the flight to New York (DXB → JFK) the most, about 51.6 µSv.
- [São Paulo (GRU), São Paulo/Guarulhos–Governor André Franco Montoro International Airport](https://flightdose.com/airports/gru/): The one published route from GRU goes to New York (GRU → JFK) and receives about 20.7 µSv for a standard flight.
- [Hong Kong (HKG), Hong Kong International Airport](https://flightdose.com/airports/hkg/): The one published route from HKG goes to New York (HKG → JFK) and receives about 60.1 µSv for a standard flight.
- [Honolulu, Oahu (HNL), Daniel K. Inouye International Airport](https://flightdose.com/airports/hnl/): The one published route from HNL goes to Los Angeles (HNL → LAX) and receives about 10.5 µSv for a standard flight.
- [New York (JFK), John F. Kennedy International Airport](https://flightdose.com/airports/jfk/): Of the 9 published routes from JFK, the flight to Miami (JFK → MIA) receives the least, about 7.32 µSv for a standard flight, and the flight to Hong Kong (JFK → HKG) the most, about 61.1 µSv.
- [Johannesburg (JNB), O.R. Tambo International Airport](https://flightdose.com/airports/jnb/): The one published route from JNB goes to London (JNB → LHR) and receives about 22.3 µSv for a standard flight.
- [Los Angeles (LAX), Los Angeles International Airport](https://flightdose.com/airports/lax/): Of the 7 published routes from LAX, the flight to San Francisco (LAX → SFO) receives the least, about 1.89 µSv for a standard flight, and the flight to London (LAX → LHR) the most, about 43.4 µSv.
- [New York (LGA), LaGuardia Airport](https://flightdose.com/airports/lga/): The one published route from LGA goes to Chicago (LGA → ORD) and receives about 5.93 µSv for a standard flight.
- [London (LHR), London Heathrow Airport](https://flightdose.com/airports/lhr/): Of the 6 published routes from LHR, the flight to Dubai (LHR → DXB) receives the least, about 16.5 µSv for a standard flight, and the flight to Los Angeles (LHR → LAX) the most, about 48.7 µSv.
- [Miami (MIA), Miami International Airport](https://flightdose.com/airports/mia/): The one published route from MIA goes to New York (MIA → JFK) and receives about 6.94 µSv for a standard flight.
- [Narita (NRT), Narita International Airport](https://flightdose.com/airports/nrt/): The one published route from NRT goes to Los Angeles (NRT → LAX) and receives about 30.9 µSv for a standard flight.
- [Chicago (ORD), Chicago O'Hare International Airport](https://flightdose.com/airports/ord/): Of the 2 published routes from ORD, the flight to New York (ORD → LGA) receives the least, about 4.87 µSv for a standard flight, and the flight to London (ORD → LHR) the most, about 31.2 µSv.
- [San Francisco (SFO), San Francisco International Airport](https://flightdose.com/airports/sfo/): Of the 3 published routes from SFO, the flight to Los Angeles (SFO → LAX) receives the least, about 1.69 µSv for a standard flight, and the flight to Singapore (SFO → SIN) the most, about 42.4 µSv.
- [Singapore (SIN), Singapore Changi Airport](https://flightdose.com/airports/sin/): Of the 3 published routes from SIN, the flight to Sydney (SIN → SYD) receives the least, about 14.9 µSv for a standard flight, and the flight to San Francisco (SIN → SFO) the most, about 39.1 µSv.
- [Sydney (SYD), Sydney Kingsford Smith International Airport](https://flightdose.com/airports/syd/): Of the 2 published routes from SYD, the flight to Singapore (SYD → SIN) receives the least, about 15.9 µSv for a standard flight, and the flight to Los Angeles (SYD → LAX) the most, about 28.5 µSv.

## Routes

- [JFK → LHR, New York to London](https://flightdose.com/routes/jfk-to-lhr/): 0.0265 mSv for the standard flight, about 6 h 18 min in the air
- [LHR → JFK, London to New York](https://flightdose.com/routes/lhr-to-jfk/): 0.031 mSv for the standard flight, about 7 h 16 min in the air
- [JFK → LAX, New York to Los Angeles](https://flightdose.com/routes/jfk-to-lax/): 0.0202 mSv for the standard flight, about 5 h 19 min in the air
- [LAX → JFK, Los Angeles to New York](https://flightdose.com/routes/lax-to-jfk/): 0.0172 mSv for the standard flight, about 4 h 35 min in the air
- [DFW → JFK, Dallas-Fort Worth to New York](https://flightdose.com/routes/dfw-to-jfk/): 0.00941 mSv for the standard flight, about 2 h 44 min in the air
- [JFK → DFW, New York to Dallas-Fort Worth](https://flightdose.com/routes/jfk-to-dfw/): 0.0111 mSv for the standard flight, about 3 h 8 min in the air
- [JFK → SFO, New York to San Francisco](https://flightdose.com/routes/jfk-to-sfo/): 0.0219 mSv for the standard flight, about 5 h 32 min in the air
- [SFO → JFK, San Francisco to New York](https://flightdose.com/routes/sfo-to-jfk/): 0.0185 mSv for the standard flight, about 4 h 45 min in the air
- [LAX → SFO, Los Angeles to San Francisco](https://flightdose.com/routes/lax-to-sfo/): 0.00189 mSv for the standard flight, about 1 h in the air
- [SFO → LAX, San Francisco to Los Angeles](https://flightdose.com/routes/sfo-to-lax/): 0.00169 mSv for the standard flight, about 56 min in the air
- [LGA → ORD, New York to Chicago](https://flightdose.com/routes/lga-to-ord/): 0.00593 mSv for the standard flight, about 1 h 49 min in the air
- [ORD → LGA, Chicago to New York](https://flightdose.com/routes/ord-to-lga/): 0.00487 mSv for the standard flight, about 1 h 35 min in the air
- [ATL → LAX, Atlanta to Los Angeles](https://flightdose.com/routes/atl-to-lax/): 0.0142 mSv for the standard flight, about 4 h 14 min in the air
- [LAX → ATL, Los Angeles to Atlanta](https://flightdose.com/routes/lax-to-atl/): 0.012 mSv for the standard flight, about 3 h 40 min in the air
- [JFK → MIA, New York to Miami](https://flightdose.com/routes/jfk-to-mia/): 0.00732 mSv for the standard flight, about 2 h 25 min in the air
- [MIA → JFK, Miami to New York](https://flightdose.com/routes/mia-to-jfk/): 0.00694 mSv for the standard flight, about 2 h 18 min in the air
- [HNL → LAX, Honolulu, Oahu to Los Angeles](https://flightdose.com/routes/hnl-to-lax/): 0.0105 mSv for the standard flight, about 4 h 47 min in the air
- [LAX → HNL, Los Angeles to Honolulu, Oahu](https://flightdose.com/routes/lax-to-hnl/): 0.0119 mSv for the standard flight, about 5 h 25 min in the air
- [JFK → CDG, New York to Paris](https://flightdose.com/routes/jfk-to-cdg/): 0.0273 mSv for the standard flight, about 6 h 36 min in the air
- [CDG → JFK, Paris to New York](https://flightdose.com/routes/cdg-to-jfk/): 0.0319 mSv for the standard flight, about 7 h 37 min in the air
- [ORD → LHR, Chicago to London](https://flightdose.com/routes/ord-to-lhr/): 0.0312 mSv for the standard flight, about 7 h 11 min in the air
- [LHR → ORD, London to Chicago](https://flightdose.com/routes/lhr-to-ord/): 0.0362 mSv for the standard flight, about 8 h 14 min in the air
- [LAX → LHR, Los Angeles to London](https://flightdose.com/routes/lax-to-lhr/): 0.0434 mSv for the standard flight, about 9 h 56 min in the air
- [LHR → LAX, London to Los Angeles](https://flightdose.com/routes/lhr-to-lax/): 0.0487 mSv for the standard flight, about 11 h 6 min in the air
- [JFK → HKG, New York to Hong Kong](https://flightdose.com/routes/jfk-to-hkg/): 0.0611 mSv for the standard flight, about 15 h 24 min in the air
- [HKG → JFK, Hong Kong to New York](https://flightdose.com/routes/hkg-to-jfk/): 0.0601 mSv for the standard flight, about 15 h 6 min in the air
- [LAX → NRT, Los Angeles to Narita](https://flightdose.com/routes/lax-to-nrt/): 0.0352 mSv for the standard flight, about 11 h 6 min in the air
- [NRT → LAX, Narita to Los Angeles](https://flightdose.com/routes/nrt-to-lax/): 0.0309 mSv for the standard flight, about 9 h 46 min in the air
- [SFO → SIN, San Francisco to Singapore](https://flightdose.com/routes/sfo-to-sin/): 0.0424 mSv for the standard flight, about 16 h 42 min in the air
- [SIN → SFO, Singapore to San Francisco](https://flightdose.com/routes/sin-to-sfo/): 0.0391 mSv for the standard flight, about 15 h 24 min in the air
- [DXB → JFK, Dubai to New York](https://flightdose.com/routes/dxb-to-jfk/): 0.0516 mSv for the standard flight, about 13 h 36 min in the air
- [JFK → DXB, New York to Dubai](https://flightdose.com/routes/jfk-to-dxb/): 0.0464 mSv for the standard flight, about 12 h 19 min in the air
- [LHR → DXB, London to Dubai](https://flightdose.com/routes/lhr-to-dxb/): 0.0165 mSv for the standard flight, about 6 h 10 min in the air
- [DXB → LHR, Dubai to London](https://flightdose.com/routes/dxb-to-lhr/): 0.0192 mSv for the standard flight, about 7 h 2 min in the air
- [LHR → SIN, London to Singapore](https://flightdose.com/routes/lhr-to-sin/): 0.0308 mSv for the standard flight, about 12 h 3 min in the air
- [SIN → LHR, Singapore to London](https://flightdose.com/routes/sin-to-lhr/): 0.0346 mSv for the standard flight, about 13 h 23 min in the air
- [LHR → JNB, London to Johannesburg](https://flightdose.com/routes/lhr-to-jnb/): 0.0216 mSv for the standard flight, about 10 h 36 min in the air
- [JNB → LHR, Johannesburg to London](https://flightdose.com/routes/jnb-to-lhr/): 0.0223 mSv for the standard flight, about 10 h 53 min in the air
- [LAX → SYD, Los Angeles to Sydney](https://flightdose.com/routes/lax-to-syd/): 0.0285 mSv for the standard flight, about 14 h 12 min in the air
- [SYD → LAX, Sydney to Los Angeles](https://flightdose.com/routes/syd-to-lax/): 0.0285 mSv for the standard flight, about 14 h 12 min in the air
- [SIN → SYD, Singapore to Sydney](https://flightdose.com/routes/sin-to-syd/): 0.0149 mSv for the standard flight, about 7 h 20 min in the air
- [SYD → SIN, Sydney to Singapore](https://flightdose.com/routes/syd-to-sin/): 0.0159 mSv for the standard flight, about 7 h 52 min in the air
- [GRU → JFK, São Paulo to New York](https://flightdose.com/routes/gru-to-jfk/): 0.0207 mSv for the standard flight, about 9 h 14 min in the air
- [JFK → GRU, New York to São Paulo](https://flightdose.com/routes/jfk-to-gru/): 0.0201 mSv for the standard flight, about 9 h 3 min in the air

## Attribution

Please attribute FlightDose (https://flightdose.com/) when you quote a figure, link the route page so a reader can see how it was calculated, and say it is an estimate for a standard flight.